When and how to lay turf in the UK

When to lay turf

Autumn and spring are generally the easiest times, because the soil is warm enough for roots to grow and natural rainfall helps keep turf moist. Turf can be laid at other times if the ground is not frozen or waterlogged.

Summer laying is possible but needs frequent watering, and laying in a drought or during a hard frost is best avoided. Water companies sometimes restrict hosepipe use in dry spells, so check current restrictions before planning a summer lawn.

Turf or seed

Turf gives a green, usable lawn quickly and suits most gardens. Seed usually costs less and suits larger or awkward areas, but it takes longer to establish and needs the right season, with spring and early autumn the usual choices.

Preparing the ground

Turf only roots well on well-prepared soil, so most of the work happens before it arrives.

• Clear old turf, weeds, stones and debris.
• Dig over compacted ground and add topsoil where the soil is thin or poor.
• Level the area and firm it by treading, then rake to a fine, even surface.
• Check that water will drain away rather than pool.

Laying the turf

Turf is perishable, so order it for delivery when the ground is ready and lay it as soon as it arrives, ideally the same day. Start along a straight edge and lay rows in a brick pattern, staggering the joints.

Butt the edges tightly together without overlapping or stretching, and work from boards laid over the turf so you do not leave footprints. Trim edges and curves with a sharp knife, and avoid small thin strips that dry out.

Watering and the first weeks

Water thoroughly straight after laying and keep the turf moist until it has rooted, which can take a couple of weeks or so depending on the weather. Water in the morning or evening and avoid walking on it until it knits to the soil.

Make the first cut when the grass has grown and the turf is firmly rooted, with the mower set high and the blades sharp. Afterwards, avoid removing more than about a third of the grass height at a time.

Common problems

Most problems come from rushing the preparation or the timing.

• Gaps and shrinkage: turf laid too loosely or left to dry out before laying.
• Uneven surface: ground that was not levelled and firmed first.
• Yellow or brown patches: not enough water in the first weeks.
• Thin grass in shade: choose a shade-tolerant mix and accept lower wear.